1. Determine Your Eligibility

Before you begin, you need to make sure you meet the SSDI requirements:

• Medical Requirement – You must have a disability that is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death. This condition should prevent you from engaging in substantial gainful activity (SGA).
• Work Credits – These are based on your work history and earnings over the years. Most people need 40 credits, with at least 20 earned in the last 10 years, though younger applicants may need fewer.
• SSA Definition of Disability – The SSA has a strict definition. Partial disabilities or short-term conditions typically do not qualify.

2. Gather Necessary Documentation

Strong, well-organized documentation is one of the most important factors in getting approved:

• Personal Identification – Birth certificate, Social Security card, and proof of U.S. citizenship or lawful alien status.
• Medical Evidence – Hospital records, doctor’s notes, test results, imaging reports, surgical summaries, and treatment histories.
• Work History – Detailed descriptions of your past jobs, including duties, skills, and physical/mental demands.
• Daily Life Impact Statements – Information showing how your condition affects your ability to perform daily tasks.
• Financial Details – Bank account info for direct deposit and information on any other benefits you receive.

Tip: The SSA weighs consistent and objective medical records heavily, so make sure your healthcare providers are aware of your application and willing to provide detailed records.

3. Submit Your Application

In New York, you have three ways to apply:

• Online – The fastest method, allowing you to start immediately on the SSA’s website.
• By Phone – Call your local Social Security office or the national SSA number to schedule an application appointment.
• In Person – Visit your nearest SSA office. Appointments are recommended due to long wait times in areas like New York City, Buffalo, or Albany.

When filling out the forms, be detailed. Vague or incomplete answers often lead to unnecessary follow-ups that slow the process.

4. SSA’s Initial Review Phase

Once your application is submitted:

• The SSA checks if you meet non-medical requirements (work credits and income limits).
• If eligible, your claim is sent to New York’s Disability Determination Services for medical evaluation.

5. DDS Medical Review Process

New York DDS plays a crucial role in determining whether you meet the medical requirements:

• Record Review – DDS examines your submitted medical records.
• Doctor Contact – They may reach out to your healthcare providers for more details.
• Consultative Exams – If your records are incomplete, DDS may schedule you for a physical or mental exam with a doctor paid by the SSA.
• Functional Assessment – DDS evaluates whether you can do any work at all, not just your previous job.

6. The Decision Stage

After reviewing your file:

• Approval – You will receive a letter detailing your benefit amount, start date, and back pay calculation.
• Denial – You have 60 days to request a reconsideration. Many initial claims are denied, so this step is not unusual.

7. New York–Specific Considerations

• Wait Times – In some New York regions, initial decisions can take 4–8 months. Appeals can take longer.
• Local Resources – Nonprofit organizations in New York sometimes offer free or low-cost assistance with gathering records.
• State & City Benefits – New York residents might be eligible for additional assistance programs while waiting for SSDI approval.

8. Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Waiting too long to apply after becoming disabled.
• Submitting incomplete or inconsistent medical records.
• Assuming that a strong diagnosis alone is enough without functional evidence.
• Ignoring SSA requests for additional information.