Step 1: Determine Eligibility

Before applying, confirm that you meet the basic eligibility criteria:

• SSDI: You must have a qualifying medical condition and a sufficient work history—meaning you’ve paid into Social Security for a certain number of years.
• SSI: You must be disabled and meet strict income and resource limits. This program does not require work credits.

In both programs, your condition must prevent you from working for at least 12 months or be expected to result in death.

Step 2: Submit Your Initial Application

You can apply for disability benefits in New York:

• Online at www.ssa.gov
• By phone at 1-800-772-1213
• In person at a local Social Security office

You’ll need to provide:

• Detailed medical history and treatment records
• Work history and income details
• Names and contact info for doctors and hospitals
• Proof of citizenship or legal status

Accuracy and thoroughness are crucial—missing or incorrect information can delay or hurt your claim.

Step 3: Wait for Initial Determination

Once your application is submitted, the New York Division of Disability Determination Services (DDS) will review your case. They may contact your doctors or request that you undergo a Consultative Examination (CE) with an independent physician.

The SSA will evaluate:

• Whether your condition is severe
• If it meets or equals a listed impairment
• If you can do your past work
• If you can do any other work

This process typically takes 3 to 6 months. If approved, you’ll begin receiving monthly benefits. If denied, you can appeal.

Step 4: File for Reconsideration (If Denied)

If your claim is denied, don’t panic—this is common. In New York, the first appeal step is a reconsideration, where a different examiner reviews your claim.

You must file this appeal within 60 days of the denial.

Step 5: Request a Hearing Before an Administrative Law Judge

If reconsideration is also denied, the next step is requesting a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). In New York, hearings are held in locations like:

• New York City
• Brooklyn
• Bronx
• Albany
• Buffalo
• Rochester
• Long Island

During the hearing, you’ll explain your case, submit new evidence, and answer questions about your condition and limitations.

Step 6: Appeals Council and Federal Court (If Needed)

If the ALJ denies your claim, you can appeal to the Social Security Appeals Council. If that fails, the final step is filing a lawsuit in federal district court.

Most applicants don’t reach this level—but if you do, professional representation is strongly recommended.

Tips for Success in the New York Disability Process

• Keep copies of all documents and correspondence.
• Respond promptly to any SSA requests.
• Follow your treatment plan and see your doctors regularly.
• Get statements from your physicians detailing how your condition limits your ability to work.
• Be persistent—many successful claims are approved during the appeals process.